Journal: Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology

Article Title: Characterization of HIV Humoral Immunity during Analytical Treatment Interruption

doi: 10.1016/j.jcv.2026.105930

Figure Lengend Snippet: Longitudinal serology in 3 representative participants (acute and chronic treated, post-treatment controller), including 5 different assays. ATI duration is shown with gray shading, followed by ART re-initiation. (HIVc= Ortho Vitros HIV Combo; aHIV= Ortho Vitros HIV 1+2; LAg= Sedia Limiting Antigen avidity assay; Ag= BioRad BioPlex 2200 p24 antigen; M Ab= BioRad BioPlex 2200 HIV group M Ab).

Article Snippet: ATI duration is shown with gray shading, followed by ART re-initiation. (HIVc= Ortho Vitros HIV Combo; aHIV= Ortho Vitros HIV 1+2; LAg= Sedia Limiting Antigen avidity assay; Ag= BioRad BioPlex 2200 p24 antigen; M Ab= BioRad BioPlex 2200 HIV group M Ab).

Techniques:

Journal: Biology Direct

Article Title: NCOA4-mediated ferritinophagy modulates colitis-associated ferroptosis in intestinal epithelial cells and mucosal repair

doi: 10.1186/s13062-026-00747-x

Figure Lengend Snippet: Inhibiting autophagy alleviates ferroptosis in IECs and colonic injuries. A rat model of colitis was established by drinking 3.5% DSS solution and the autophagy inhibitor (3-MA, 7.08 mg/kg) and ferritinophagy activator (4-OI, 35.4 mg/kg) were used to clarify the effect of ferritinophagy on colonic ferroptosis and inflammation. ( A ) Experiment flowchart. ( B ) DAI. ( C ) CMDI. ( D ) Pathological score of colonic injuries. ( E ) Morphology and structure of colonic tissues (HE staining, Scale bar = 100 μm, Magnification:200). ( F ) Cell ultrastructure (TEM, Scale bar = 2 μm, Magnification:6000). Red arrow: mitochondrial structure. ( G ) Serum DAO content. ( H ) Serum D-LA content. ( I , M ) Colonic ROS level (Fluorescent staining, Scale bar=100 μm, Magnification:200). Blue: nucle; green: ROS. ( J , N ) Colonic COX2 protein expression (IHC, Scale bar = 100 μm, Magnification:200). Blue: nuclei; brown: COX2. ( K , O ) Colonic GPX4 expression (IHC, Scale Bar = 100 μm, Magnification:200). Blue: nuclei; brown: GPX4. ( L ) Colonic Fe 2+ content. ( P ) Colonic ATG5 protein expression. ( Q ) Colonic LC3 protein expression. Data in a normal distribution are expressed as the mean ± SD ( n = 8). Data in a skewed distribution are expressed as the median ( P 25, P 75) ( n = 8). vs. NG * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01; vs. MG # P < 0.05, ## P < 0.01; n.s.: no significance. NG: normal group; MG: model group; IG: autophagy inhibitor group; AG: ferritinophagy activator group. DAI: disease activity index; CMDI: colon macroscopic damage index; DAO: diamine oxidase; D-LA: D-lactate; ROS: reactive oxygen species; GPX4: glutathione peroxidase 4; COX2: cyclooxygenase-2; LC3: microtubule-associated protein light chain 3; ATG5: autophagy-related protein 5; 3-MA: 3-metryladenine; 4-OI: 4-octyl itaconate; HE: hematoxylin-eosin; TEM: transmission electron microscopy; IHC: immunohistochemistry

Article Snippet: 67 mL/kg) once daily; rats in the autophagy inhibitor group (IG) received intraperitoneal injection of 3-metryladenine (3-MA, MCE, NJ, USA) (7.08 mg/kg) once daily [ ]; rats in the ferritinophagy activator group (AG) received intraperitoneal injection of 4-octyl itaconate (4-OI, MCE, NJ, USA) (35.4 mg/kg) once every other day [ ].

Techniques: Staining, Expressing, Activity Assay, Transmission Assay, Electron Microscopy, Immunohistochemistry

Journal: Biology Direct

Article Title: NCOA4-mediated ferritinophagy modulates colitis-associated ferroptosis in intestinal epithelial cells and mucosal repair

doi: 10.1186/s13062-026-00747-x

Figure Lengend Snippet: LV transfection was applied to overexpress or knock down the NCOA4 expression in vitro (1×108 TU/mL, MOI=40) and DSS solution (20mg/mL) was added to NCM460 cells to induce the inflammation model. Knockdown of NCOA4 reduced the key markers of ferritinophagy in NCM460 cells. (A, B) Comparison of the expression of NCOA4 protein. (C, D) Comparison of the expression of ATG5 protein. (E, F) Comparison of the expression of LC3 protein. (G, H) Comparison of the expression of FTH1 protein. Data are presented as the mean ± SD (n = 3). vs NG *P<0.05, **P<0.01; vs MG #P<0.05, ##P<0.01, ###P<0.001, #### P<0.0001; n.s.: no significance. BC: blank control group; MG: model group (DSS); DSS+LV NC: LV negative control+DSS group; DSS+LV NCOA4 OE: LV NCOA4 overexpression+DSS group; DSS+LV NCOA4 KD: LV NCOA4 knockdown+DSS group. LV: lentivirus; NCOA4: nuclear receptor coactivator 4; FTH1: ferritin heavy chain 1; LC3: microtubule-associated protein light chain 3; ATG5: autophagy-related protein 5; DSS: dextran sulfate sodium salt

Article Snippet: 67 mL/kg) once daily; rats in the autophagy inhibitor group (IG) received intraperitoneal injection of 3-metryladenine (3-MA, MCE, NJ, USA) (7.08 mg/kg) once daily [ ]; rats in the ferritinophagy activator group (AG) received intraperitoneal injection of 4-octyl itaconate (4-OI, MCE, NJ, USA) (35.4 mg/kg) once every other day [ ].

Techniques: Transfection, Knockdown, Expressing, In Vitro, Comparison, Control, Negative Control, Over Expression

Journal: Biology Direct

Article Title: NCOA4-mediated ferritinophagy modulates colitis-associated ferroptosis in intestinal epithelial cells and mucosal repair

doi: 10.1186/s13062-026-00747-x

Figure Lengend Snippet: NCOA4 alters the ferritinophagy in IECs in vivo. AAV transfection was used to overexpress and knock down the NCOA4 expression in vivo (1×10 11 v.g./200uL, tvi) and a colitis mice model was established by drinking 3% DSS solution. Suppression of NCOA4 weakened the ferritinophagy in IECs. ( A , B ) Comparison of the expression of NCOA4 protein. ( C , D ) Comparison of the expression of ATG5 protein. ( E , F ) Comparison of the expression of LC3 protein. ( G , H ) Comparison of the expression of FTH1 protein. Data are presented as the mean ± SD ( n = 8). vs. NG, * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001, **** P < 0.0001; vs. MG, # P < 0.05, ## P < 0.01, ### P < 0.001, ### P < 0.001, #### P < 0.0001; n.s.: no significance. NG: normal control group; MG: model group (DSS); AAV-NC-DSS: AAV negative control + DSS group; AAV-NCOA4 OE-DSS: AAV NCOA4 overexpression + DSS group; AAV-NCOA4 KD-DSS: AAV NCOA4 knockdown + DSS group. AAV: adeno-associated virus; NCOA4: nuclear receptor coactivator 4; FTH1: ferritin heavy chain 1; LC3: microtubule-associated protein light chain 3; ATG5: autophagy-related protein 5; DSS: dextran sulfate sodium salt; IEC: intestinal epithelial cell; TVI: tail vein injection

Article Snippet: 67 mL/kg) once daily; rats in the autophagy inhibitor group (IG) received intraperitoneal injection of 3-metryladenine (3-MA, MCE, NJ, USA) (7.08 mg/kg) once daily [ ]; rats in the ferritinophagy activator group (AG) received intraperitoneal injection of 4-octyl itaconate (4-OI, MCE, NJ, USA) (35.4 mg/kg) once every other day [ ].

Techniques: In Vivo, Transfection, Knockdown, Expressing, Comparison, Control, Negative Control, Over Expression, Virus, Injection

Journal: Biology Direct

Article Title: NCOA4-mediated ferritinophagy modulates colitis-associated ferroptosis in intestinal epithelial cells and mucosal repair

doi: 10.1186/s13062-026-00747-x

Figure Lengend Snippet: NCOA4-mediated ferritinophagy modulates ferroptosis in IECs. Ferritinophagy can degrade ferritin via autolysosomes to release Fe 2+ , which modulates ferroptosis in IECs through the Fenton reaction and lipid peroxidation. NCOA4: nuclear receptor coactivator 4; Fe 2+ : Ferrous iron; Fe 3+ : Ferric iron; ROS: reactive oxygen species; ·OH: hydroxyl radical; MDA: malondialdehyde; GPX4: glutathione peroxidase 4; COX2: cyclooxygenase-2; ATG5: autophagy-related protein 5; LC3: microtubule-associated protein light chain 3; FTH1: ferritin heavy chain 1; DAO: diamine oxidase; D-LA: D-lactate; LPO: lipid peroxidation; IEC: intestinal epithelial cell. This figure was created using Biorender ( https://www.biorender.com/ )

Article Snippet: 67 mL/kg) once daily; rats in the autophagy inhibitor group (IG) received intraperitoneal injection of 3-metryladenine (3-MA, MCE, NJ, USA) (7.08 mg/kg) once daily [ ]; rats in the ferritinophagy activator group (AG) received intraperitoneal injection of 4-octyl itaconate (4-OI, MCE, NJ, USA) (35.4 mg/kg) once every other day [ ].

Techniques:

Journal: Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology

Article Title: FOXO4-DRI regulates endothelial cell senescence via the P53 signaling pathway

doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2025.1729166

Figure Lengend Snippet: FOXO4-DRI can effectively maintain vascular function in naturally aging mice. (A) Western blot experiments were conducted and quantitatively analyzed to determine the changes in protein levels of Ki-67, Lamin B, P21, P16, and γ-H2AX in the aortas of naturally aged mice after FOXO4-DRI or PBS treatment. n ≥ 4 per group. (B) RT-qPCR analysis was performed to examine the mRNA levels of Il-1β, Il-6, Cxcl15 , and Tnf-α in the aortas of naturally aged mice after FOXO4-DRI and PBS treatments. n = 3 per group. (C) Representative SA-β-Gal staining and quantitative analysis were performed to determine the number of positive cells in the aortas of naturally aged mice after FOXO4-DRI and PBS treatments. n = 5 per group. Scale bar = 100 μm. (D) Representative HE staining and quantitative analysis were performed to evaluate the thickness of the aortas in naturally aged mice after FOXO4-DRI and PBS treatments. n = 5 per group. Scale bar = 100 μm. (E) Color Doppler imaging and analysis were performed to detect and analyze the structural and blood flow conditions of the aortas in naturally aged mice after FOXO4-DRI and PBS treatments. n = 6 per group. (F) Representative DHE staining and quantitative analysis were performed to assess the ROS levels in the aortas of naturally aged mice after FOXO4-DRI and PBS treatments. n = 5 per group. Scale bar = 100 μm. Data are presented as mean ± SEM and analyzed using a two-tailed Student’s t-test. * indicates P < 0.05, ** indicates P < 0.01, *** indicates P < 0.001.

Article Snippet: In the natural aging + FOXO4-DRI group, mice received intraperitoneal injections of FOXO4-DRI (5 mg/kg, MCE, HY-P4157) every 2 days during the same period, followed by tissue collection.

Techniques: Western Blot, Quantitative RT-PCR, Staining, Imaging, Two Tailed Test

Journal: Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology

Article Title: FOXO4-DRI regulates endothelial cell senescence via the P53 signaling pathway

doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2025.1729166

Figure Lengend Snippet: FOXO4-DRI can effectively maintain vascular function in progeroid mice. (A) Western blot experiments were conducted and quantitatively analyzed to determine the changes in protein levels of Ki-67, Lamin B, P21, P16, and γ-H2AX in the aortas of progeroid mice after FOXO4-DRI or PBS treatment. n ≥ 4 per group. (B) RT-qPCR analysis was performed to examine the mRNA levels of Il-1β , Il-6 , Cxcl15 , and Tnf-α in the aortas of progeroid mice after FOXO4-DRI and PBS treatments. n = 3 per group. (C) Representative SA-β-Gal staining and quantitative analysis were performed to determine the number of positive cells in the aortas of progeroid mice after FOXO4-DRI and PBS treatments. Scale bar = 100 μm. n = 5 per group. (D) Representative HE staining and quantitative analysis were performed to evaluate the thickness in the aortas of progeroid mice after FOXO4-DRI and PBS treatments. Scale bar = 100 μm. n = 5 per group. (E) Color Doppler imaging and analysis were performed to detect and analyze the structural and blood flow conditions in the aortas of progeroid mice after FOXO4-DRI and PBS treatments. n = 5 per group. (F) Representative DHE staining and quantitative analysis were performed to assess the ROS levels in the aortas of progeroid mice after FOXO4-DRI and PBS treatments. n = 5 per group. Scale bar = 100 μm. Data are presented as mean ± SEM and analyzed using a two-tailed Student’s t-test. * indicates P < 0.05, ** indicates P < 0.01, *** indicates P < 0.001.

Article Snippet: In the natural aging + FOXO4-DRI group, mice received intraperitoneal injections of FOXO4-DRI (5 mg/kg, MCE, HY-P4157) every 2 days during the same period, followed by tissue collection.

Techniques: Western Blot, Quantitative RT-PCR, Staining, Imaging, Two Tailed Test

Journal: Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology

Article Title: FOXO4-DRI regulates endothelial cell senescence via the P53 signaling pathway

doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2025.1729166

Figure Lengend Snippet: FOXO4-DRI can alleviate endothelial cell senescence induced by OGD. (A) Western blot analysis was conducted to quantify the changes in protein levels of Ki-67, Lamin B, P21, P16, and γ-H2AX in senescent HUVECs following treatment with FOXO4-DRI or PBS, with n ≥ 4 per group. (B) Representative immunofluorescence analysis (green for Ki-67, blue for DAPI) was performed to assess the number of Ki-67 positive HUVECs in different groups, with n = 5 per group and scale bar = 40 μm. (C) Fluorescent staining was carried out to analyze the content and localization changes of P21 and γ-H2AX in different groups, with n = 5 per group and scale bar = 40 μm. (D) Representative SA-β-GAL staining and quantification were performed to evaluate the number of positive cells in different groups, with n = 5 per group and scale bar = 100 μm. (E) Tube formation assays were conducted to analyze relative tube lengths in different groups, with n = 5 per group and scale bar = 400 μm. (F) Representative DHE staining and quantification were carried out to evaluate the number of DHE-positive cells in different groups, with n = 5 per group and scale bar = 100 μm. (G) Scratch assays were performed to assess endothelial cell migration coverage at 0, 12, 24, and 36 h in different groups, with n = 5 per group and scale bar = 400 μm. Data are represented as mean ± SEM. Statistical analysis assessed by 2-way RM ANOVA. (H) RT-qPCR analysis was performed to detect mRNA levels of IL-6 , IL-8 , IL-1β , and TNF-α in different groups, with n = 3 per group. Data are presented as mean ± SEM and analyzed using a two-tailed Student’s t-test. * indicates P < 0.05, ** indicates P < 0.01, *** indicates P < 0.001.

Article Snippet: In the natural aging + FOXO4-DRI group, mice received intraperitoneal injections of FOXO4-DRI (5 mg/kg, MCE, HY-P4157) every 2 days during the same period, followed by tissue collection.

Techniques: Western Blot, Immunofluorescence, Staining, Migration, Quantitative RT-PCR, Two Tailed Test

Journal: Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology

Article Title: FOXO4-DRI regulates endothelial cell senescence via the P53 signaling pathway

doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2025.1729166

Figure Lengend Snippet: FOXO4-DRI can block the interaction between P53 and FOXO4. (A) The FOXO4-P53 interaction was analyzed through co-immunoprecipitation in OGD-treated HUVECs, in different groups, with n = 3 per group. (B) Western blot analysis quantified changes in protein levels of pSer46-P53 and P53 in different groups, with n = 5 per group. (C) Western blot analysis quantified changes in protein levels of pSer46-P53 and P53 in different groups, with n = 5 per group. (D) Western blot analysis was performed to examine the distribution of pSer46-P53 and P53 in the cytoplasm and nucleus of HUVECs in different groups. With n = 5 per group. (E) Subcellular localization of pSer46-P53 in different groups of HUVECs was analyzed using representative immunofluorescence staining (pSer46-P53 in green, DAPI in blue), with n = 5 per group, scale bar = 40 μm. (F) Immunofluorescence detection and analysis of subcellular localization of pSer46-P53 and FOXO4 in aortic sections of naturally aged mice (pSer46-P53 in green, FOXO4 in red, DAPI in blue), with n = 5 per group, scale bar = 20 μm. (G) Immunofluorescence detection and analysis of subcellular localization of pSer46-P53 and FOXO4 in aortic sections of progeroid mice (pSer46-P53 in green, FOXO4 in red, DAPI in blue), with n = 5 per group, scale bar = 20 μm. Data are presented as mean ± SEM and analyzed using a two-tailed Student’s t-test. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001.

Article Snippet: In the natural aging + FOXO4-DRI group, mice received intraperitoneal injections of FOXO4-DRI (5 mg/kg, MCE, HY-P4157) every 2 days during the same period, followed by tissue collection.

Techniques: Blocking Assay, Immunoprecipitation, Western Blot, Immunofluorescence, Staining, Two Tailed Test

Journal: Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology

Article Title: FOXO4-DRI regulates endothelial cell senescence via the P53 signaling pathway

doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2025.1729166

Figure Lengend Snippet: FOXO4-DRI promotes apoptosis in senescent cells. (A) Western blot analysis quantified changes in protein levels of BAX, Bcl2, and c-Caspase3 in different groups, with n = 5 per group. (B) Western blot analysis assessed changes in protein levels of BAX, Bcl2, and c-Caspase3 in the aortas of naturally aged mice after FOXO4-DRI or PBS treatment, with n = 5 per group. (C) Representative TUNEL staining and quantitative analysis were conducted to determine the number of positive cells in the aortas of naturally aged mice after FOXO4-DRI and PBS treatments, with n = 5 per group and scale bar = 100 μm. (D) Representative TUNEL staining and quantification evaluated the number of TUNEL-positive cells across different groups with n = 5 per group and scale bar = 20 μm. (E) Flow cytometry analysis was used to quantitatively assess the number of Annexin V-positive cells in different groups, with a sample size of n = 5 per group. Data are presented as mean ± SEM and analyzed using a two-tailed Student’s t-test. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001.

Article Snippet: In the natural aging + FOXO4-DRI group, mice received intraperitoneal injections of FOXO4-DRI (5 mg/kg, MCE, HY-P4157) every 2 days during the same period, followed by tissue collection.

Techniques: Western Blot, TUNEL Assay, Staining, Flow Cytometry, Two Tailed Test

Journal: Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology

Article Title: FOXO4-DRI regulates endothelial cell senescence via the P53 signaling pathway

doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2025.1729166

Figure Lengend Snippet: Schematic illustration of FOXO4-DRI in alleviating endothelial cell senescence aging extends cell survival. This study demonstrates that FOXO4-DRI mitigates senescence by inhibiting the FOXO4-P53 interaction, promoting P53 phosphorylation, and inducing apoptosis in senescent cells, thereby alleviating aging-related symptoms. Content produced with BioRender; license VN28TABHO4.

Article Snippet: In the natural aging + FOXO4-DRI group, mice received intraperitoneal injections of FOXO4-DRI (5 mg/kg, MCE, HY-P4157) every 2 days during the same period, followed by tissue collection.

Techniques: Phospho-proteomics, Produced